Loads on an electrical distribution system can be categorized as resistive, inductive and
capacitive. Under normal operating conditions certain electrical loads (e.g. transformers,
induction motors, welding equipment, arc furnaces and fluorescent lighting) draw not
only active power (kW) from the supply, but also inductive reactive power (kVAr).
All inductive loads require active power: kW to actually perform the work, and reactive
power (kVAr) to maintain the electromagnetic field. This reactive power is necessary for
the equipment to operate but it imposes an undesirable burden on the supply.